Crude Oil

Gasoline or petrol is a liquid mixture primarily used as fuel in internal combustion engines. It is petroleum-derived, and consists mostly o...

The word "gasolene" was coined in 1865 from the word gas and the chemical suffix -ine/-ene. The modern spelling was first used in ...

Gasoline is produced in oil refineries. Material that is separated from crude oil via distillation, called virgin or straight-run gasoline, ...

The density of gasoline is 0.71–0.77 kg/l (0.71–0.77 g/cm3),(in English units, approx. 0.026 lb/cu in or 6.073 lb/U.S. gal or 7.29 lb/imp ga...

Gasoline is more volatile than diesel oil, Jet-A or kerosene, not only because of the base constituents, but because of the additives that a...

An important characteristic of gasoline is its octane rating, which is a measure of how resistant gasoline is to the abnormal combustion phe...

During World War II, Germany received much of its oil from Romania. From 2.8 million barrels (450,000 m3) in 1938, Romania’s exports to Germ...

Gasoline contains about 34.8 MJ/L or 132 MJ/US gallon. This is about 9.67 kWh/L or 36.6 kWh/US gallon. This is an average; gasoline blends d...

The future of petroleum as a fuel remains somewhat controversial. USA Today news reported in 2004 that there were 40 years of petroleum left...

Crude oil is a smelly, yellow-to-black liquid and is usually found in underground areas called reservoirs. Scientists and engineers explore ...

After crude oil is removed from the ground, it is sent to a refinery by pipeline, ship or barge. At a refinery, different parts of the crude...

Products from oil (petroleum products) help us do many things. We use them to fuel our airplanes, cars, and trucks, to heat our homes, and t...

Heavy crude oil or Extra Heavy oil is any type of crude oil which does not flow easily. It is referred to as "heavy" because its d...

Heavy crude oils provide an interesting situation for the economics of petroleum development. The Resources of Heavy oil in the world are mo...

Heavy oil is asphaltic. It is "heavy" (dense and viscous) due to the high presence of naphthenes and paraffins. Heavy oil has over...

As a rule, heavy crudes have a more severe environmental impact than light ones. With more difficult production comes the employment of a va...

Most geologists agree that crude becomes "heavy" as a result of biodegradation, in which lighter ends are preferentially consumed ...

It is true to say that the cost of crude oil is the major input cost for refiners. However, the relationship between such a cost and the fin...

Generally this is based on a formula approach where a marker crude is used as the base and then a quality differential (premium/discount) as...

Australia has seven major operating oil refineries. While Australia has substantial crude oil production, Australian refineries only source ...

The objective of the Hydrotreating prococess is to remove suplur as well as other unwanted compunds, e.g. unsaturated hydrocarbons, nitrogen...

To recover additional distillates from long residue, distillation at reduced pressure and high temperature has to be applied. This vacuum di...

Asphaltic bitumen, normally called "bitumen" is obtained by vacuum distillation or vacuum flashing of an atmospheric residue. This...

The Hubbert peak theory (also known as peak oil) posits that future world petroleum production will eventually peak and then decline at a si...

During the oil price increases of 2004-2008, alternatives methods of producing oil gained importance. The most widely known alternatives inv...

The most common method of obtaining petroleum is extracting it from oil wells found in oil fields. With improved technologies and higher dem...

The petroleum industry classifies "crude" by the location of its origin (e.g., "West Texas Intermediate, WTI" or "B...

Crude oil varies greatly in appearance depending on its composition. It is usually black or dark brown (although it may be yellowish or even...